Datastream – Venture Capital

Charted: Public Trust in the Federal Reserve

May 23, 2023 by Marcus Lu

This post is by Marcus Lu from Visual Capitalist

The Briefing
Gallup conducts an annual poll to gauge the U.S. public’s trust in the Federal Reserve
After rising during the COVID-19 pandemic, public trust has fallen to a 20-year low

Charted: Public Trust in the Federal Reserve
Each year, Gallup conducts a survey of American adults on various economic topics, including the country’s central bank, the Federal Reserve.
More specifically, respondents are asked how much confidence they have in the current Fed chairman to do or recommend the right thing for the U.S. economy. We’ve visualized these results from 2001 to 2023 to see how confidence levels have changed over time.
Methodology and Results
The data used in this infographic is also listed in the table below. Percentages reflect the share of respondents that have either a “great deal” or “fair amount” of confidence.
Year Fed chair % Great deal or Fair amount
2023 Jerome Powell 36%
2022 Jerome Powell 43%
2021 Jerome Powell 55%
2020 Jerome Powell 58%
2019 Jerome Powell 50%
2018 Jerome Powell 45%
2017 Janet Yellen 45%
2016 Janet Yellen 38%
2015 Janet Yellen 42%
2014 Janet Yellen 37%
2013 Ben Bernanke 42%
2012 Ben Bernanke 39%
2011 Ben Bernanke 41%
2010 Ben Bernanke 44%
2009 Ben Bernanke 49%
2008 Ben Bernanke 47%
2007 Ben Bernanke 50%
2006 Ben Bernanke 41%
2005 Alan Greenspan 56%
2004 Alan Greenspan 61%
2003 Alan Greenspan 65%
2002 Alan Greenspan 69%
2001 Alan Greenspan 74%
Data for 2023 collected April 3-25, with this statement put to respondents: “Please (Read more...)

Year	Fed chair	% Great deal or Fair amount
2023	Jerome Powell	36%
2022	Jerome Powell	43%
2021	Jerome Powell	55%
2020	Jerome Powell	58%
2019	Jerome Powell	50%
2018	Jerome Powell	45%
2017	Janet Yellen	45%
2016	Janet Yellen	38%
2015	Janet Yellen	42%
2014	Janet Yellen	37%
2013	Ben Bernanke	42%
2012	Ben Bernanke	39%
2011	Ben Bernanke	41%
2010	Ben Bernanke	44%
2009	Ben Bernanke	49%
2008	Ben Bernanke	47%
2007	Ben Bernanke	50%
2006	Ben Bernanke	41%
2005	Alan Greenspan	56%
2004	Alan Greenspan	61%
2003	Alan Greenspan	65%
2002	Alan Greenspan	69%
2001	Alan Greenspan	74%

How Gen Z Feels About Its Financial Future

April 21, 2023 by Freny Fernandes
This post is by Freny Fernandes from Visual Capitalist

The Briefing
4 in 5 Gen Zers believe they will be at least as financially successful as their parents
Gen Zers have a more positive outlook on their financial well-being than their millennial or Gen X peers
How Gen Z Feels About Its Financial Future
From rising costs of living to the effects of the pandemic, Gen Z was hit by multiple crises as soon as they stepped into the workforce.
To start, the rising cost of education and the resultant soaring student debt has many Gen Zers questioning the value of post-secondary education. Meanwhile, the widespread layoffs and economic uncertainty have them worried about stable employment. In addition, anxiety around climate change is a very real factor affecting how younger generations view their future prospects.
A survey conducted by Morning Consult—visualized in the graphic above—found that while the Gen Z is feeling more uncertain about their financial future than ever, most believe that they will be financially better off than their parents, if not the same.
The table below highlights exactly how the Gen Z feels about its financial future.
Gen Z Repondent Categories Better off than parents Same as parents Worse off than parents
Male 39% 43% 18%
Female 36% 44% 20%
White 35% 44% 21%
Hispanic 42% 41% 17%
Black 46% 40% 15%
Other Races 44% 41% 15%
Total 38% 43% 19%

Breaking the Narrative: Gen Z’s Optimism
Gen Z is an optimistic and driven generation. Many young people in this generational cohort are turning (Read more...)

Gen Z Repondent Categories	Better off than parents	Same as parents	Worse off than parents
Male	39%	43%	18%
Female	36%	44%	20%
White	35%	44%	21%
Hispanic	42%	41%	17%
Black	46%	40%	15%
Other Races	44%	41%	15%
Total	38%	43%	19%

More U.S. Tech Companies are Adopting Unequal Dual-Class Voting Structures

April 15, 2023 by Marcus Lu
This post is by Marcus Lu from Visual Capitalist

Can I share this graphic?
Yes. Visualizations are free to share and post in their original form across the web—even for publishers. Please link back to this page and attribute Visual Capitalist.
When do I need a license?
Licenses are required for some commercial uses, translations, or layout modifications. You can even whitelabel our visualizations. Explore your options.
Interested in this piece?
Click here to license this visualization.
The Briefing
Dual-class structures give executives greater voting rights over public shareholders
U.S. tech companies have increasingly adopted this structure since the mid 2010s

More U.S. Tech Companies are Adopting Unequal Voting Structures
Shareholders of public companies often receive the right to vote on corporate policies like issuing dividends or initiating mergers.
Some companies opt for a dual-class share structure, where one class is offered to the public, and another is reserved for founders and executives. Many argue that this weakens accountability, as executives can simply overrule the wishes of outside investors.
The following table lists the number of U.S. companies that have IPO’d with a dual-class share structure. This data was compiled by Jay R. Ritter, Cordell Professor of Finance at the University of Florida.
Year Non-tech IPOs % of Dual Class
(non-tech) Tech IPOs % of Dual Class
(tech)
1980 49 2% 22 0%
1981 120 3% 72 3%
1982 35 0% 42 0%
1983 278 1% 173 2%
1984 121 4% 50 4%
1985 149 4% 37 3%
1986 316 7% (Read more...)

Year	Non-tech IPOs	% of Dual Class (non-tech)	Tech IPOs	% of Dual Class (tech)
1980	49	2%	22	0%
1981	120	3%	72	3%
1982	35	0%	42	0%
1983	278	1%	173	2%
1984	121	4%	50	4%
1985	149	4%	37	3%
1986	316	7%	(Read more...)

The Link Between Entrepreneurship and Mental Health Conditions

March 31, 2023 by Nick Routley
This post is by Nick Routley from Visual Capitalist

Can I share this graphic?
Yes. Visualizations are free to share and post in their original form across the web—even for publishers. Please link back to this page and attribute Visual Capitalist.
When do I need a license?
Licenses are required for some commercial uses, translations, or layout modifications. You can even whitelabel our visualizations. Explore your options.
Interested in this piece?
Click here to license this visualization.
The Briefing
Prevalence of ADHD, substance use disorders, and mood disorders appears to be higher in entrepreneurs than in the general public
One-third of entrepreneurs reported two or more co-occurring mental health conditions
The Link Between Entrepreneurship and Mental Health Conditions
Entrepreneurship has long been associated with traits like risk-taking, persistence, and creativity. It’s no surprise, then, many of the world’s most successful companies were brought to life by neurodivergent founders.
Neurodivergence refers to natural differences in brain function among individuals with conditions such as autism, ADHD, dyslexia, and bipolar disorder. As this 2019 study demonstrates, entrepreneurs experience mental health and addiction issues more frequently than the general public, and tend to have families with these illnesses at a higher rate.
Nearly half of entrepreneurs included in the study have one or more mental health conditions. Below the are the numbers for four of the conditions studied.
Entrepreneurs General Sample Group
ADHD 29% 5%
Depression 30% 15%
Bipolar 11% 1%
Addiction 12% 4%

The research also looked at anxiety, but found that levels were similar between (Read more...)

	Entrepreneurs	General Sample Group
ADHD	29%	5%
Depression	30%	15%
Bipolar	11%	1%
Addiction	12%	4%

Ranked: The World’s 25 Richest Countries by GDP per Capita

March 29, 2023 by Pallavi Rao
This post is by Pallavi Rao from Visual Capitalist

The Briefing
The world GDP per capita continues to grow every year, and is projected to be $13,920 for 2023
Luxembourg is the richest country with a GDP per capita of $128,820

Mapped: Which Are the World’s Richest Countries?
Measuring GDP per capita is a common measure of the economic wealth on a per person basis. This article sorts countries according to the latest International Monetary Fund (IMF) projections on GDP per capita for 2023.
Currently this metric is at $13,920 globally in 2023, up from $13,400 in 2022 and $11,160 in 2020, all nominal figures, not accounting for inflation.
GDP per capita is a measure of the total economic output of a country (GDP) divided by the total population of the country.
Here is the full ranking of the richest countries in 2023, according to their per capita GDP.
Country GDP per capita, USD
Luxembourg $128,820
Ireland $106,998
Switzerland $94,835
Qatar $89,417
Norway $88,749
Singapore $84,501
United States $78,422
Iceland $77,961
Australia $68,024
Denmark $66,394
Sweden $60,474
Canada $59,179
Israel $58,274
Netherlands $57,629
Macao SAR $55,645
Austria $52,317
Hong Kong SAR $52,133
United Kingdom $51,287
Finland $51,178
Belgium $50,907
Germany $49,431
New Zealand $49,009
United Arab Emirates $48,263
San Marino $47,485
France $42,647
Brunei Darussalam $41,714
Andorra $40,644
Puerto Rico $40,361
Taiwan $36,834
Kuwait $35,256
Japan $35,034
South Korea $34,768
The Bahamas $34,549
Malta $33,793
Italy $33,663
Aruba $33,483
Estonia $31,216
Slovenia $30,841
Cyprus $30,240
Czech Republic $29,857
Spain $29,730
Bahrain $29,077
Saudi Arabia $27,009
Lithuania $25,656
Portugal (Read more...)

Country	GDP per capita, USD
Luxembourg	$128,820
Ireland	$106,998
Switzerland	$94,835
Qatar	$89,417
Norway	$88,749
Singapore	$84,501
United States	$78,422
Iceland	$77,961
Australia	$68,024
Denmark	$66,394
Sweden	$60,474
Canada	$59,179
Israel	$58,274
Netherlands	$57,629
Macao SAR	$55,645
Austria	$52,317
Hong Kong SAR	$52,133
United Kingdom	$51,287
Finland	$51,178
Belgium	$50,907
Germany	$49,431
New Zealand	$49,009
United Arab Emirates	$48,263
San Marino	$47,485
France	$42,647
Brunei Darussalam	$41,714
Andorra	$40,644
Puerto Rico	$40,361
Taiwan	$36,834
Kuwait	$35,256
Japan	$35,034
South Korea	$34,768
The Bahamas	$34,549
Malta	$33,793
Italy	$33,663
Aruba	$33,483
Estonia	$31,216
Slovenia	$30,841
Cyprus	$30,240
Czech Republic	$29,857
Spain	$29,730
Bahrain	$29,077
Saudi Arabia	$27,009
Lithuania	$25,656
Portugal	(Read more...)

Ranked: The 25 Poorest Countries by GDP per Capita

March 29, 2023 by Pallavi Rao
This post is by Pallavi Rao from Visual Capitalist

The Briefing
Global GDP per capita continues to grow every year, and is projected to sit at $13,920 for 2023 (current prices)
There are as many as 123 countries whose per capita GDP is below the global average
Burundi is the poorest country in the world with a per capita GDP of about $308
Ranked: Which Are the World’s Poorest Countries?
There are different ways to measure economic activity and wealth of a country, and for this article on the world’s least-wealthy nations, we’ve used GDP per capita projections for this year from the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Nominal world GDP per capita is expected to go from $13,400 in 2022 to $13,920 in 2023, but in contrast to the rest of the world, per capita economic output in Africa is much lower than in continents such as North America or Europe.
GDP per capita is a measure of the total economic output of a country (GDP) divided by the total population of the country.
Here are the countries with the lowest per capita GDP, all below the global average.
Country GDP per capita (USD)
Burundi $308
Sierra Leone $472
Malawi $483
Central African Republic $516
Madagascar $540
Somalia $562
South Sudan $570
Niger $574
Mozambique $579
Eritrea $700
Congo $704
Chad $755
Liberia $770
Burkina Faso $832
Yemen $872
Guinea-Bissau $874
Mali $877
Gambia, The $883
Sudan $930
Rwanda $968
Togo $1,008
Tajikistan $1,050
Uganda $1,164
Myanmar $1,173
Lesotho $1,209
Ethiopia $1,227
Comoros $1,303
Tanzania $1,341
Nepal $1,372
Benin (Read more...)

Country	GDP per capita (USD)
Burundi	$308
Sierra Leone	$472
Malawi	$483
Central African Republic	$516
Madagascar	$540
Somalia	$562
South Sudan	$570
Niger	$574
Mozambique	$579
Eritrea	$700
Congo	$704
Chad	$755
Liberia	$770
Burkina Faso	$832
Yemen	$872
Guinea-Bissau	$874
Mali	$877
Gambia, The	$883
Sudan	$930
Rwanda	$968
Togo	$1,008
Tajikistan	$1,050
Uganda	$1,164
Myanmar	$1,173
Lesotho	$1,209
Ethiopia	$1,227
Comoros	$1,303
Tanzania	$1,341
Nepal	$1,372
Benin	(Read more...)

The Drive for a Fully Autonomous Car

March 8, 2023 by Chris Dickert
This post is by Chris Dickert from Visual Capitalist

The following content is sponsored by Global X ETFs
The Briefing
SAE International, the global standards and engineering association, has come up with a six level taxonomy for automated cars.
In 2021, 26 companies testing 1,174 autonomous vehicles (with a driver) logged over 4 million miles on California roads. Four companies logged only 25,000 miles using driverless vehicles.
Until quite recently, the autonomous car was the stuff of science fiction. More hype than happening some time soon.
But with automakers spending billions to develop the technology—$75 billion by one count—the race is on to be the first to launch a fully self-driving vehicle.
This visualization from our sponsor Global X ETFs, takes a look at the drive for a fully autonomous car.
From the Flintstones to the Jetsons
What does it mean to say that a car is autonomous? Does a human driver need to be ready to take over? Can it drive on its own all or just some of the time? And do driving conditions need to be ideal or can it handle the odd thunderstorm?
Fortunately, SAE International, the global standards and engineering association, has come up with the creatively-named “Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to On-Road Motor Vehicle Automated Driving Systems,” or SAE JS3016 for short.
The Six Levels of Driving Automation
The system has six levels of automation and spans a yawning gulf of features. Level zero is analogous to Fred Flintstone’s foot-powered, stone age car, while level five is (Read more...)

The Drive for a Fully Autonomous Car

March 8, 2023 by Chris Dickert
This post is by Chris Dickert from Visual Capitalist

Written By
Chris Dickert
Graphics & Design
Miranda Smith
Published March 8, 2023 • Updated March 8, 2023 •
The following content is sponsored by Global X ETFs

The Briefing
SAE International, the global standards and engineering association, has come up with a six level taxonomy for automated cars.
In 2021, 26 companies testing 1,174 autonomous vehicles (with a driver) logged over 4 million miles on California roads. Four companies logged only 25,000 miles using driverless vehicles.
The Drive for a Fully Autonomous Car
Until quite recently, the autonomous car was the stuff of science fiction. More hype than happening some time soon.
But with automakers spending billions to develop the technology—$75 billion by one count—the race is on to be the first to launch a fully self-driving vehicle.
This visualization from our sponsor Global X ETFs, takes a look at the drive for a fully autonomous car.
From the Flintstones to the Jetsons
What does it mean to say that a car is autonomous? Does a human driver need to be ready to take over? Can it drive on its own all or just some of the time? And do driving conditions need to be ideal or can it handle the odd thunderstorm?
Fortunately, SAE International, the global standards and engineering association, has come up with the creatively-named “Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to On-Road Motor Vehicle Automated Driving Systems,” or SAE JS3016 for short.
The Six Levels of Driving Automation
The system has (Read more...)

Super-Sized Bets for Football’s Big Game (2013-2022)

February 6, 2023 by Jenna Ross
This post is by Jenna Ross from Visual Capitalist

The following content is sponsored by Roundhill Investments.
The Briefing
Sports betting became legal outside Nevada when the federal ban was lifted in 2018.
Legalization contributed to betting growth, with wagers on football’s big game increasing ten-fold over the last decade.
Super-Sized Bets for Football’s Big Game
With 99 million viewers in 2022, “more Americans tune in to the Super Bowl than any other television broadcast.” Its large viewership, combined with expanding legislation, has led to ballooning wagers.
In this graphic sponsored by Roundhill Investments, we show how these bets have grown over the last 10 years.
Annual Legal Bets on the Big Game
From 2013 through 2018, sports betting was only legal in Nevada and year-over-year growth was low. However, when the federal sports betting ban was lifted in May 2018, more states started allowing bets.
By 2022, 33 states plus Washington, DC were legally able to bet on the game. Wagers climbed quickly as a result.
Year Total Bets Annual Growth
2013 $99M 5%
2014 $119M 21%
2015 $116M -3%
2016 $133M 14%
2017 $138M 4%
2018 $159M 15%
2019 $191M 20%
2020 $280M 47%
2021 $486M 73%
2022 $1.1B 119%

Data only for states that report bets on football’s big game, see graphic for full list of states included in 2022.
Impressively, legal bets surpassed the $1 billion mark in 2022. Growth was primarily driven by New York State legalizing online sports betting, with the state contributing nearly $500 million to the total.
Since (Read more...)

Year	Total Bets	Annual Growth
2013	$99M	5%
2014	$119M	21%
2015	$116M	-3%
2016	$133M	14%
2017	$138M	4%
2018	$159M	15%
2019	$191M	20%
2020	$280M	47%
2021	$486M	73%
2022	$1.1B	119%

Ranked: The Top Online Music Services in the U.S. by Monthly Users

February 3, 2023 by Nick Routley
This post is by Nick Routley from Visual Capitalist

Can I share this graphic?
Yes. Visualizations are free to share and post in their original form across the web—even for publishers. Please link back to this page and attribute Visual Capitalist.
When do I need a license?
Licenses are required for some commercial uses, translations, or layout modifications. You can even whitelabel our visualizations. Explore your options.
Interested in this piece?
Click here to license this visualization.
The Briefing
Two-thirds of music listeners in the U.S. used YouTube at least once per month
64% of music listeners use multiple music services per month
The Top Online Music Services in the U.S.
The music streaming industry is characterized by fierce competition, with many companies vying for market share.
Companies are competing on multiple fronts, from price and features to advertising and exclusive content, making it a challenging market for companies to succeed in.
YouTube (the standard offering and YouTube Music) has the highest amount of users, attracting around two-thirds of music listeners in the U.S. during a given month. This is largely due to the YouTube’s massive reach and extensive catalog of music.
Here’s a full rundown of the top music streaming services in the U.S. by monthly listeners:
Rank Music Service % of U.S. Music Listeners Who Use Monthly
#1 YouTube 61%
#2T Spotify 35%
#2T Amazon Music 35%
#4 Pandora 23%
#5 SiriusXM 21%
#6 Apple Music 19%
#7 iHeartRadio 15%
#8 SoundCloud 10%
#9 Audacity 6%
#10T TuneIn 5%
#10T (Read more...)

Recent Posts

Most Used Categories

Category: Datastream

The Briefing

Charted: Public Trust in the Federal Reserve

Methodology and Results

The Briefing

How Gen Z Feels About Its Financial Future

Breaking the Narrative: Gen Z’s Optimism

The Briefing

More U.S. Tech Companies are Adopting Unequal Voting Structures

The Briefing

The Link Between Entrepreneurship and Mental Health Conditions

The Briefing

Mapped: Which Are the World’s Richest Countries?

The Briefing

Ranked: Which Are the World’s Poorest Countries?

The Briefing

From the Flintstones to the Jetsons

The Six Levels of Driving Automation

Written By

Graphics & Design

The Briefing

The Drive for a Fully Autonomous Car

From the Flintstones to the Jetsons

The Six Levels of Driving Automation

The Briefing

Super-Sized Bets for Football’s Big Game

Annual Legal Bets on the Big Game

The Briefing

The Top Online Music Services in the U.S.